Significance of the anterior tibial translocation sign in predicting the presence of anterior cruciate ligament tears in arthroscopically-proven cases

@#Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury remains a common orthopedic case, especially in young adults with an active lifestyle. Activities of daily living and sports performance may be vastly compromised; thus, immediate diagnosis is essential. The researchers tested the diagnostic ability of the anterior tibial translocation sign (using the 5 mm cut-off) against the gold standard knee arthroscopy using cross-sectional study design. Analysis of the 23 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans showed a sensitivity of 42.9% (true positives: 6 had ≥5 mm reading out of 14 positive arthroscopy fi ndings), specifi city of 77.8% (true negatives: 7 had <5 mm reading out of 9 negative arthroscopy fi ndings) and positive predictive value (PPV) of 75.0% (6 out of 8 positive arthroscopy fi ndings among ≥5 mm). In the sample data, 7 mm cut-off had the optimal trade-off between sensitivity and type I error, thus being the most predictive of ACL tear.

Determination of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with pre-impaired glucose tolerance

@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> Pre-impaired  glucose  tolerance  (pre-IGT) or  compensated  hyperinsulinemia,  is  defined  as  normal glucose,  and  elevated  insulin  two  hours  after  a  75-gram oral glucose load.  It is characteristic of the early stages of diabetes  mellitus  (DM),  where  beta  cells  compensate  for  insulin resistance by increasing insulin secretion to maintain normoglycemia. With  continuing  beta  cell  failure,  insulin  secretion  eventually  fails,  leading  to  the  progression  to diabetes.    Nonalcoholic  fatty  liver  disease  (NAFLD),  a common feature of insulin resistance, is found in 50-75% and 42-55% of DM and pre-diabetes patients. We determined if <br />NAFLD was present in patients with pre-IGT.<br /><strong>METHOD:</strong> A study on the determination of NAFLD - diagnosed by liver ultrasound in pre-IGT patients at a university hospital.Descriptive statistics, Chi square test of independence, 2x2 Fischer  Exact  test,  Z  test  of  difference  in  proportion, were used  for  statistical  analysis  with  a  p-value  set  at  0.05?.IBMSPSS ver 21 was used as software.<br /><strong>RESULTS:</strong>The mean age of 22 patients was 29.95 years, with average BMI of 25.73 kg/m2;77.3% were female.  Average lipid  panels  were  within  optimal  limits;  kidney  and  liver functions were normal.  The mean insulin level was 58.36 uIU/mL. NAFLD was identified in eight of the subjects. <br /><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Although  pre-IGT  is  a  subclinical  phase  in  the  diabetes  spectrum,  36%  already  have  NAFLD.This prevalence  was  lower  compared  to  diabetics  and  pre-diabetics, but higher compared to the general population.There was a noticeable trend of increasing insulin levels with increasing severity of fatty liver.</p>

Determination of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with pre-impaired glucose tolerance

INTRODUCTION: Pre-impaired  glucose  tolerance  (pre-IGT) or  compensated  hyperinsulinemia,  is  defined  as  normal glucose,  and  elevated  insulin  two  hours  after  a  75-gram oral glucose load.  It is characteristic of the early stages of diabetes  mellitus  (DM),  where  beta  cells  compensate  for  insulin resistance by increasing insulin secretion to maintain normoglycemia. With  continuing  beta  cell  failure,  insulin  secretion  eventually  fails,  leading  to  the  progression  to diabetes.    Nonalcoholic  fatty  liver  disease  (NAFLD),  a common feature of insulin resistance, is found in 50-75% and 42-55% of DM and pre-diabetes patients. We determined if NAFLD was present in patients with pre-IGT.METHOD: A study on the determination of NAFLD - diagnosed by liver ultrasound in pre-IGT patients at a university hospital.Descriptive statistics, Chi square test of independence, 2x2 Fischer  Exact  test,  Z  test  of  difference  in  proportion, were used  for  statistical  analysis  with  a  p-value  set  at  0.05?.IBMSPSS ver 21 was used as software.RESULTS:The mean age of 22 patients was 29.95 years, with average BMI of 25.73 kg/m2;77.3% were female.  Average lipid  panels  were  within  optimal  limits;  kidney  and  liver functions were normal.  The mean insulin level was 58.36 uIU/mL. NAFLD was identified in eight of the subjects. CONCLUSION: Although  pre-IGT  is  a  subclinical  phase  in  the  diabetes  spectrum,  36%  already  have  NAFLD.This prevalence  was  lower  compared  to  diabetics  and  pre-diabetics, but higher compared to the general population.There was a noticeable trend of increasing insulin levels with increasing severity of fatty liver.